HUMAN ALBUMIN MICROSPHERES AND PERFLUTREN

Diagnostic Agent

Brand names: Optison Perflutren Protein-Type A Microspheres

Intravenous

Mechanism of Action

12.1 Mechanism of Action The OPTISON microspheres create an echogenic contrast effect in the blood. The acoustic impedance of the OPTISON microspheres is much lower than that of the blood. Therefore, impinging ultrasound waves are scattered and reflected at the microsphere-blood interface and ultimately may be visualized in the ultrasound image. At the frequencies used in adult echocardiography (2 MHz to 5 MHz), the microspheres resonate which further increases the extent of ultrasound scattering and reflection.

Indications

See full prescribing information

FDA Warnings

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Hypersensitivity Reactions: Serious anaphylactic reactions have been observed
1 Serious Cardiopulmonary Reactions Serious cardiopulmonary reactions including fatalities have occurred uncommonly during or shortly following perflutren-containing microsphere administration, typically within 30 minutes of administration
The risk for these reactions may be increased among patients with unstable cardiopulmonary conditions (acute myocardial infarction, acute coronary artery syndromes, worsening or unstable congestive heart failure, or serious ventricular arrhythmias)
The reported reactions to perflutren-containing microspheres include: fatal cardiac or respiratory arrest, shock, syncope, symptomatic arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, tachycardia, bradycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia), hypertension, hypotension, dyspnea, hypoxia, chest pain, respiratory distress, stridor, wheezing, loss of consciousness and convulsions [see Adverse Reactions (6

Known Side Effects

9 documented side effects by frequency

Drug Not Working

1-10%

Fatigue

1-10%

Nausea

1-10%

Headache

1-10%

Shortness of Breath

1-10%

Diarrhea

0.1-1%

General Unwellness

0.1-1%

Falls

0.1-1%

Dizziness

0.1-1%

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Formulations

Dosage Forms

Tablet

Route

Intravenous