ISONIAZID

Other

Brand names: Isoniazid

Pregnancy: Category COral

Mechanism of Action

Mechanism of Action Isoniazid inhibits the synthesis of mycoloic acids, an essential component of the bacterial cell wall. At therapeutic levels isoniazid is bactericidal against actively growing intracellular and extracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms.

Indications

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Isoniazid tablets

USP are recommended for all forms of tuberculosis in which organisms are susceptible. However

is inadequate therapy. Isoniazid tablets

USP are recommended as preventive therapy for the following groups

therapy should be continued. Recent converters

as indicated by a tuberculin skin test (greater than or equal to 10 mm increase within a 2-year period for those less than 35 years old

Contraindications

• CONTRAINDICATIONS Isoniazid is contraindicated in patients who develop severe hypersensitivity reactions
• including drug-induced hepatitis
• previous isoniazid-associated hepatic injury
• severe adverse reactions to isoniazid such as drug fever
• chills

FDA Warnings

WARNING Severe and sometimes fatal hepatitis associated with isoniazid therapy has been reported and may occur or may develop even after many months of treatment
The risk of developing hepatitis is age related
The risk of hepatitis is increased with daily consumption of alcohol
Precise data to provide a fatality rate for isoniazid-related hepatitis is not available; however, in a U

Known Side Effects

8 documented side effects by frequency

Drug Not Working

>10%

Fever

>10%

Nausea

1-10%

Vomiting

1-10%

Headache

1-10%

Joint Pain

0.1-1%

Diarrhea

0.1-1%

Rash

0.1-1%

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Formulations

Dosage Forms

Tablet

Route

Oral