MAGNESIUM SULFATE IN DEXTROSE

Electrolyte / Mineral

Brand names: Magnesium Sulfate in Dextrose

Intravenous

Mechanism of Action

12.1 Mechanism of Action Magnesium prevents seizures in patients with preeclampsia and controls seizures in patients with eclampsia by blocking neuromuscular transmission and decreasing the amount of acetylcholine liberated at the end plate by the motor nerve impulse. Magnesium has a depressant effect on the central nervous system [see Drug Interactions (7) ] . Magnesium acts peripherally to produce vasodilation.

Indications

See full prescribing information

Contraindications

• 5.6 )

FDA Warnings

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS • Fetal-neonatal toxicity with prolonged use : Administration beyond 5 to 7 days is not recommended and can lead to hypocalcemia and bone abnormalities ( 2
1 ) • Risk of magnesium toxicity : Monitor magnesium concentrations and clinical signs of magnesium toxicity including respiratory depression, an injectable calcium salt should be immediately available to counteract hazards, for significant toxicity stop Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection ( 5
2 ) • Risk of elevated blood glucose: Solutions containing dextrose should be used with caution in patients with known prediabetes or diabetes mellitus ( 5
5 ) • Exacerbation of Myasthenia Gravis : Use is contraindicated because use in patients with underlying myasthenia gravis can precipitate a myasthenic crisis ( 5

Known Side Effects

10 documented side effects by frequency

Nausea

1-10%

Fatigue

1-10%

Diarrhea

1-10%

Drug Not Working

1-10%

Shortness of Breath

1-10%

Headache

1-10%

Vomiting

1-10%

Dizziness

1-10%

General Unwellness

1-10%

Weakness

0.1-1%

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Formulations

Dosage Forms

Tablet

Route

Intravenous