PENTAMIDINE ISETHIONATE

Other

Brand names: Pentamidine Isethionate

Pregnancy: Category CRespiratory (inhalation)

Mechanism of Action

Mechanism of Action Studies suggest that the pentamidine isethionate interferes with microbial nuclear metabolism by inhibition of DNA, RNA, phospholipid and protein synthesis. However, the mode of action is not fully understood.

Indications

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Pentamidine Isethionate is indicated for the prevention of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) in high-risk

dose-response trial in high risk HIV-infected patients and on existing epidemiological data from natural history studies. The patient population of the controlled trial consisted of 408 patients

237 of whom had a history of one or more episodes of PJP. The remaining patients without a history of PJP included 55 patients with Kaposi’s sarcoma and 116 patients with other AIDS diagnoses

however

mortality from PJP was low in all three dosage groups.

Contraindications

• CONTRAINDICATIONS Pentamidine Isethionate is contraindicated in patients with a history of an anaphylactic reaction to inhaled or parenteral pentamidine isethionate.

FDA Warnings

WARNINGS The potential for development of acute PJP still exists in patients receiving Pentamidine Isethionate prophylaxis

Known Side Effects

5 documented side effects by frequency

Fever

>10%

Diarrhea

1-10%

Vomiting

0.1-1%

Shortness of Breath

0.1-1%

Nausea

0.1-1%

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Formulations

Dosage Forms

Tablet

Route

Respiratory (inhalation)