PRAMLINTIDE ACETATE

Other

Brand names: SymlinPen

Subcutaneous

Mechanism of Action

12.1 Mechanism of Action Pramlintide is an analog of human amylin. Amylin is colocated with insulin in secretory granules and cosecreted with insulin by pancreatic beta cells in response to food intake. Amylin and insulin show similar fasting and postprandial patterns in healthy individuals (Figure 1). Figure 1: Secretion Profile of Amylin and Insulin in Healthy Adults In patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, there is reduced secretion from pancreatic beta cells of both insulin and amylin in response to food. Amylin affects the rate of postprandial glucose appearance through a variety of mechanisms, as determined by nonclinical studies. Amylin slows gastric emptying (i.e., the rate at which food is released from the stomach to the small intestine) without altering the overall absorption of nutrients. In addition, amylin suppresses glucagon secretion (not normalized by insulin alone), which leads to suppression of endogenous glucose output from the liver. Amylin also regulates food

Indications

See full prescribing information

FDA Warnings

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS • Severe hypoglycemia: Increased risk particularly for type 1 diabetes
However, SYMLIN is indicated to be coadministered with mealtime insulin therapy, and in this setting there is an increased risk of severe hypoglycemia, particularly in patients with type 1 diabetes
If severe hypoglycemia occurs while operating a motor vehicle, heavy machinery, or while engaging in other high-risk activities, serious injuries or death may occur
Therefore, when introducing SYMLIN therapy, appropriate precautions need to be taken to avoid increasing the risk for severe hypoglycemia

Known Side Effects

10 documented side effects by frequency

Nausea

1-10%

Shortness of Breath

1-10%

Fatigue

1-10%

High Blood Pressure

1-10%

Weight Loss

1-10%

Chest Pain

1-10%

Diarrhea

1-10%

Drug Not Working

1-10%

Weight Gain

1-10%

Back Pain

0.1-1%

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Formulations

Dosage Forms

Tablet

Route

Subcutaneous